| 摘要 |
Olefinic esters, halides or ethers are made by reacting an olefinic compound having C2- 12, a carboxylic acid or a hydroxyl-containing organic compound in the vapour phase at 100-600 DEG F. in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of (a) an alkali or alkaline earth metal zeolite, (b) between 0.1 and 15% of a platinum group metal salt and if desired, (c) between 1 and 30% of a transition metal halide in its highest valency state or Cu++ or Hg++ halide. In Example 2, vinyl chloride and acetic acid are reacted to yield vinyl acetate, acetaldehyde, ethylidene diacetate and acetal. In Example 6, ethylene and ethanol are reacted to yield ethyl vinyl ether, diethyl acetal, diethyl ether and ethyl acetate. In Example 7, vinyl chloride and ethanol yield vinyl ethyl ether. In Example 9, ethylene and acetic acid yield vinyl acetate and acetaldehyde. In Example 11, ethylene is converted to vinyl chloride. Numerous examples of reactants are specified.ALSO:A catalyst consists essentially of (a) an alkali or alkaline earth metal zeolite in which the atoms of metal, aluminium, silicon and oxygen are arranged in a substantially uniform chrystalline pattern, the pores of which have a substantially uniform diameter, (b) between 0.1 and 15% of a platinum group metal salt distributed on the external surface of the zeolite and (c) if present between 1 and 30% of a halide of a dissimilar metal which is a transition metal having a variable valence and which is present in its highest oxidation state or a Cu/sW/sW or a Hg/sW/sW halide. Alternatives for component (c) are Fe/sW/sW/sW, Cr/sW/sW/sW, W5/sW. Example 1 describes the preparation of a catalyst consisting of PdCl2 on a Linde 13-X sodium zeolite support and example IX PdCl2, CuCl2 on a similar support. Redox reactions occur and the catalysts may be regenerated in situ by oxidation. |
