| 摘要 |
Copolymers are obtained from an anhydride or partial ester of an olefinic a ,b -dicarboxylic acid and an alpha-mono-olefine having at least six carbon atoms in its molecule or a mixture of such olefines, the molar ratio of olefine to anhydride or ester is between 1:1 and 1:1.9; and the molecular weight of the copolymer is between 1000 and 10,000. In Examples 1 and 2, maleic anhydride is copolymerized with 1-n-octadecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-dodecene or a commercial mixture of C14-C18 alpha-olefines by refluxing in xylene under nitrogen, using ditertiarybutyl peroxide as initiator. In Example 7, a copolymer of maleic anhydride and 1-octadecene is converted to a half-amide or half-ester by dissolving in acetone and refluxing with gamma-dimethyl-amino-propylamine or N,N-diethylaminoethanol respectively. These copolymers and modified copolymers are dissolved in water with the aid of bases such as ammonia, ammonium acetate, sodium and potassium hydroxides, sodium and potassium carbonates, sodium propionate, pyridine, morpholine, picoline, triethylamine, tributylamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, tripropylenetetramine or mixtures of ammonia and alkali-metal hydroxides or monoethanolamine.ALSO:Paper is treated, e.g. coated, with a neutral or alkaline aqueous solution of a water-soluble derivative of a copolymer of an olefine and an anhydride or partial ester of an olefinic dicarboxylic acid. The olefine is an alpha-mono-olefine having at least six carbon atoms in its molecule or a mixture of such olefines; the acid is an olefinic alpha-beta-dicarboxylic acid; the molar ratio of olefine to acid is between 1:1 and 1:1.9; and the molecular weight of the copolymer is between 1000 and 10,000. The treated paper may have improved translucency, resistance to grease, water vapour and gas, release properties and fold endurance. Olefinic acids referred to are maleic, fumaric, itaconic and citraconic. The paper treated may be of sulphite, sulphate or rag stock, may contain fillers such as clay or titanium dioxide and may be a waterleaf or slack-sized, e.g. with rosin. The treating solution may also contain antifoaming or defoaming agents, such as tributyl phosphate, sulphonated tallow waxes, liquid fatty acids or mineral oils, starch, oxidized starch, enzyme-converted starch, starch ethers, British gum, dextrin or casein. The solution may be applied by an applicator or by spraying or by wet packing, or paper as it is formed may be passed through the solution. When the treatment is a coating, the composition may also include a pigment. In Examples 1 and 2, maleic anhydride is copolymerized with 1-n-octadecane, 1-hexadecane, 1-dodecene or a commercial mixture of C14-C18 alpha-olefines by refluxing in xylene under nitrogen, using ditertiarybutyl peroxide as initiator. In Example 7, a copolymer of maleic anhydride and 1-octadecene is converted to a half-amide or half-ester by dissolving in acetone and refluxing with gamma-dimethyl-aminopropylamine or N, N-diethyl-aminoethanol respectively. These copolymers and modified copolymers are dissolved in water with the aid of bases such as ammonia, ammonium acetate, sodium and potassium hydroxides, sodium and potassium carbonates, sodium propionate, pyridine, morpholine, picoline, triethylamine, tributylamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, tripropylenetetramine or mixtures of ammonia and alkali-metal hydroxides or monoethanolamine.ALSO:Paper is treated with a neutral or alkaline aqueous solution of a water-soluble derivative of a copolymer of an olefine and an anhydride or partial ester of an olefinic dicarboxylic acid. The olefine is an alpha-mono-olefine having at least six carbon atoms in its molecule or a mixture of such olefines; the acid is an olefinic alpha-beta-dicarboxylic acid; the molar ratio of olefine to acid is between 1:1 and 1:1.9; and the molecular weight of the copolymer is between 1000 and 10,000. The treatment may be a coating or an impregnation, and the treated paper may have improved translucency, resistance to grease, water vapour and gas, release properties and fold endurance. Olefinic acids referred to are maleic, fumaric, itaconic and citraconic. The paper treated may be of sulphite, sulphate or rag stock, may contain fillers such as clay or titanium dioxide and may be a waterleaf or slack-sized, e.g. with rosin. The treating solution may also contain antifoaming or defoaming agents, such as tributyl phosphate, sulphonated tallow waxes, liquid fatty acids or mineral oils, starch, oxidized starch, enzyme-converted starch, starch ethers, British gum, dextrin or casein. The solution may be applied by an applicator or by spraying or by wet packing, or paper as it is formed may be passed through the solution. In Examples 1 and 2, maleic anhydride is copolymerized with 1-n-octadecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-dodecene or a commercial mixture of C14-C18 alpha-olefines by refluxing in xylene under nitrogen, using ditertiarybutyl peroxide as initiator. In Example 7, a copolymer of maleic anhydride and 1-octadecene is converted to a half-amide or half-ester by dissolving in acetone and refluxing with gamma-dimethylaminopropylamine or N, N-diethylaminoethanol respectively. These copolymers and modified copolymers are dissolved in water with the aid of bases such as ammonia, ammonium acetate, sodium and potassium hydroxides, sodium and potassium carbonates, sodium propionate, pyridine, morpholine, picoline, triethylamine, tributylamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, tripropylenetetramine or mixtures of ammonia and alkali-metal hydroxides or monoethanolamine. |
