| 摘要 |
1313669 Condensation of vapours; flash evaporators; desalination of water HYDRO CHEMICAL & MINERAL CORP 3 Aug 1970 [4 Aug 1969] 37308/70 Heading BIB Vapours are condensed by direct contact with cooling liquid in columns 20, 22, divided by partitions 36 into vertically-displaced chambers C1 ... C34 connected in groups, each chamber having a vapour-inlet conduit 30 and each group comprising a plurality of chambers disposed at diminishing height and maintained at successively increasing temperature and pressure in the direction of decreasing elevation, the chambers of one group being elevationally interspersed with those of one or more other groups, the chambers of each interspersed group being interconnected by downcomer conduits 46 by-passing the chambers of the other groups, and a riser 50 with a pump P B ... P F being provided between each group for pumping the cooling liquid (and condensate) from the lowest chamber of one group to the highest chamber of the succeeding group. Column 22 has two groups of chambers (A) C34 ... C26 and (B) C25 ... C17. Pump P A raises cooling liquid to chamber C34; and pump Pc transfers cooling liquid and condensate from the base of column 22 to the top of column 20. The chambers C in column 20 are arranged in four groups. Each chamber C contains a distributor 40, a perforated plate or packing, just below the liquid-inlet. Voids or spaces 37 are provided between some of the adjacent chambers. When the condenser system is employed to condense the vapours evolved from saline water undergoing multistage flash evaporation, the cooling liquid may be a hydrocarbon oil. The flash evaporation is carried out in five columns 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 divided by partitions 26 into chambers E1 ... E34 maintained at descreasing pressure. Saline water mixed with hot oil enters the lowermost chamber E1 of column 10 through conduit 60 and flows successively through chambers E1 ... E34 via U-tubes 32, 32a each of which extends from the bottom of a chamber E to just below the demister 28 in the next chamber. The mixture of saline water and oil flows upwards in column 10 from chamber El to chamber E13, and then flows through cross-over U-tube 32a to the uppermost chamber E14 of column 12 whence it passes successively through the uppermost chambers E15, E16, E17 of columns 14, 16, 18 respectively. The mixture of water and oil then flows down from column to column as indicated by references E18, E19 ... E34. The water-vapour evolved in chamber El passes into condenser chamber C1 via the connecting conduit 30; and the vapour evolved in the subsequent chambers E is condensed in an associated chamber C. The condensate, i.e. desalinated water, and hot oil are withdrawn from chamber C1 Unevaporated saline water and cool oil are withdrawn from chamber E34. A series of cycles may be provided to increase the salinity of the unevaporated saline water to a point where various salts will precipitate out. |
