| 摘要 |
The catalytic production at elevated temperatures of pyridine from a gaseous mixture comprising formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and ammonia is conducted in the presence of molecular oxygen. Steam may be included in the reaction mixture and at least some of the acetaldehyde and/or formaldehyde may be replaced by a compound or compounds giving rise to acetaldehyde or formaldehyde under the reaction conditions. Specified catalysts are dehydration and/or cracking catalysts, which may further comprise oxides and/or salts of metals and/or ammonia.ALSO:Aminoxidation catalysts are prepared by steeping microspherical silica-alumina in an aqueous solution of lead acetate trihydrate, drying, steeping in ammonium fluoride, washing with water, drying, and then heat treating the resultant silica-alumina (see Exs. 1 and 5), steeping microspherical or granular silica-alumina in water and hydrofluoric acid, drying, and then heating the resultant silica-alumina in air (see Exs. 13, 39, 40 and 41); steeping microspherical or granular silica-alumina in aqueous ammonium hydrogen bifluoride, drying, and then heating in air (see Exs. 14 and 33 to 38); steeping microspherical silica-alumina in aqueous lead acetate trihydrate, drying, heating in air, and then sieving through a 170 B.S.S. mesh (see Ex. 15); steeping microspherical silica-alumina in aqueous magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, adding aqueous sodium carbonate to the mixture, filtering off the catalyst, and then drying said catalyst (see Ex. 27); steeping microspherical silica-alumina in a warm solution of "Rosin Amine D" in ethanol and drying the product (see Ex. 28); impregnating granular silica-alumina with aqueous lead acetate trihydrate and drying the product (see Exs. 30, 31 and 32); impregnating granular silica-alumina with a mixture of aqueous ammonium fluoride and aqueous potassium carbonate, drying and then heating in air (see Exs. 42 and 43); impregnating granular silica-alumina with aqueous potassium chloride or iodide, drying, then heating in air (see Exs. 44 and 45); impregnating granular silica-alumina with aqueous phosphoric acid, drying, and then heating in air (see Ex. 46); impregnating granular silica-alumina with aqueous nickel nitrate hexahydrate, drying and heating in air (see Exs. 47 and 48). |
