Hochfrequenzenergiekonverter

摘要

1316043 Microwave filters SPERRY RAND CORP 19 April 1971 [9 March 1970] 22247/71 Heading H1W [Also in Divisions H2 and H3] A high frequency i.e. microwave energy converter comprises an avalanche diode 7 conductively bonded between a conductive wall 5 and an inner conductor 1 the conductive wall 5 short circuiting the tubular outer conductor 2 of a hollow transmission line 1, 2, circuit means (53, 54, 56 Fig. 3, not shown), for biasing the avalanche diode with a unidirectional electric field below its break down field, coupling means 40, 41 for supplying a high frequency carrier field #F across the diode superimposed on the undirectional field so that the total field across the diode rises above a critical avalanche field current triggering value for exciting amplified high frequency fields in the transmission line, first impedance transferring means 10, producing resonant carrier and harmonic frequency fields across the diode 7 in a first portion of the transmission line and second impedance transforming means 11, 12 causing resonance within a second portion of the transmission line selectively to the carrier or to one of its harmonics. The converter may be for amplification, frequency conversion or multiplication of microwave signals. The semi-conductor avalanche diode 7 may be of IMPATT, TRAPATT type or an epitaxial silic or other P-N or step or abrupt junction diode or a P-N-N+ punch through diode. The impedance matching or transforming elements 10, 11, 12 are adjustable axially of the line and are secured by screws 15, 18, 21. Each element 10, 11, 12 consists of a conductive ring surrounding a ring of low-less dielectric material 25, 26, 27 bonded to it at surface 28, 29, 30. The element 10 is positioned #1 from the diode 7 such that aloop (A, Fig. 2, not shown), including the diode 7 and the element 10 is resonant at #F and all of its harmonics. The positions of the elements 11 and 12 at 02, #3 are set so that the diode 7 is in a further loop (B) resonant at N#F such as #H. The element 10 acts as a band stop filter (C 1 L) at frequency #F tending in one adjustment to prevent energy #F from reaching the load. The elements 11, and 12 act as capacitors (C2, C3) and may be adjusted so as to permit flow of currents at frequency #F or of the harmonic signal N#F to a load connected to the line at #H. An alternative means for extracting the output from the converter is by a circulator (at a plane T1, Fig. 4, not shown). A circulator may be used in the amplifier mode of the converter to separate the input and amplified output signals.