MULTIPLE EFFECT MULTISECTION FLASH EVAPORATOR

摘要

1,255,676. Evaporators, multi-stage flash type; desalination of water. HITACHI Ltd. 16 July, 1969 [19 July, 1968], No. 35916/69. Heading B1B. Desalinated water is produced by evaporation of water from brine, supplied through line 113, and condensation of the vapour while passing the brine through an apparatus comprising a heater 11 and a plurality of sections each containing a series of flash evaporator chambers separated by partitions 10, additional heaters 12 and 13 being connected between the sections, additional brine being supplied through lines 111 and 11,2 as shown. The heaters may be supplied with steam from a thermal or atomic power station. The vapours are condensed on condenser tubing extending through upper chambers within the sections, and the condensate (i.e. desalinated water) is withdrawn from the system through valve 123. The first section is divided into a heat recovery section 21 and a heat dissipation section 31; and the second and third sections are each divided in a similar manner. With valves 182 and 192 closed, sea water is supplied to the apparatus through line 113 and is pumped through the condenser tubing 83 of the third section. Additional sea water, at a lower temperature, is introduced through line 112 and mixes with the sea water from tubing 83, the combined stream passing through the condenser tubing 82 of the second section. The sea water leaving tubing 82 is mixed with additional sea water, introduced through line 111, and the stream then flows through the condenser tubing 81 of the first section. After leaving tubing 81, the sea water is mixed at point m 1 with some of the brine which has been pumped through condenser tubing 91a from the last flash chamber of the first section, and the mixture then flows through heater 11 into the initial flash chamber of the first section. The non-recirculated portion of the brine from the last flash chamber of the first section is mixed at point m 2 with recirculated brine from the last flash chamber of the second section, and the mixture is passed through heater 12 into the first flash chamber of the second section. This recirculated brine of the second section is forced by pump 42 through the condenser tubing 92a extending through the heat recovery section 22 of the second section, and through the condenser tubing 92b extending through the heat dissipation section 31 of the first section. Some of the brine leaving the last flash chamber of the second section is mixed at point m 3 with brine recirculated from the last flash chamber of the third section; and the mixture is passed through heater 13 into the first flash chamber of the third section. Brine is discharged from the system through line 103. Air and other gases are vented from the condenser chambers by pipes 50 disposed in close proximity to the condenser tubing. If the quantity of available heating steam becomes reduced, the first section may be shut off by closing valves 181, 183, 171 and opening valve 182. The first section can then be descaled, if necessary.