| 摘要 |
Covalently and ionically crosslinked polymers (I) are prepared by crosslinking polymers having acid groups, polymers having sulfinate groups and polymers having tertiary amine groups with polyfunctional haloalkanes or haloaromatics. Covalently and ionically crosslinked polymers (I), including blends of (I) and membranes comprising (I), are prepared by crosslinking polymers having acid groups of formula (II), (III) and/or (IV), polymers having sulfinate groups of formula (V) and polymers having tertiary amine groups of formula (VI) with polyfunctional haloalkanes or haloaromatics to form crosslinks of formula (Ia)-(Ic). SO3M (II) PO2M2 (III) COOM (IV) SO2M (V) NR2 (VI) polymer-SO2-Y-polymer (Ia) M = H, metal or ammonium; R = alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or aryl, or NR2 is pyridyl or another tertiary N-containing heteroaromatic or heterocyclic group; X = Hal or OR; Hal = F, Cl, Br or I; Y = (CH2)x, arylene, (CH2)x-arylene or CH2-arylene-CH2; and x = 3-12. An Independent claim is also included for the preparation of (I), comprising: dissolving the polymers in N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl sulfoxide or sulfolane; adding the crosslinker; homogeneously dispersing the crosslinker in the polymer solution by stirring; filtering and degassing the polymer solution; spreading a thin film of the polymer solution on a substrate (e.g. a glass or metal plate or a woven or non-woven fabric); removing the solvent by heating to 80-130 deg C and/or applying a vacuum or in a circulating-air dryer; optionally removing the film from the substrate; and treating the film in dilute (1-70%) mineral acid and then deionized water at a temperature between room temperature and 95 deg C.
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