| 摘要 |
1,261,769. Nut-runners and screw drivers. ATLAS COPCO A.B. 19 Aug., 1969 [10 Sept., 1968], No. 41335/69. Heading B3N. [Also in Division F2] In a nut-runner or screw driver an air motor 12 drives a tool mounting spindle 16 through a pneumatically actuated two-speed planetary reducing gear comprising, in series, a fixed ratio sun-ring train 17, a two-speed sun-ring train 20 and a further fixed ratio sun-ring train 30. The two-speed train 20 comprises a ring 21 axially slidable between a train-locking, 1/1 ratio, position in which it engages its teeth 21a with clutch teeth 26 on a carrier 25, and a stationed, reducing ratio, position in which brake teeth 21b thereon engage fixed teeth 28. The ring 21 is shifted by a rotationally fixed piston element 23 acted on by a pressure increase in a passage 27 in opposition to springs 24. As shown, pressure increase in passage 27 is initiated by means sensing a predetermined pressure rise at a point upstream of outlet ports of the motor. The sensing point is located preferably in the motor 12 between the closing edge of air inlet ports 54 and half the angular distance to the opening edges of air outlet ports 53 and is connected to a valve 40 by a passage 51. The valve is held closed by a spring 47 and pressure fluid from a passage 49 acting on a piston surface 45. When a given pressure rise is attained the valve 40 is forced upward and pressure fluid is conveyed along passages 39 and 27 to move piston element 23. The valve is held open by pressure fluid acting on piston surface 44. At the same time pressure fluid passes a restriction valve 57 and acts on a shut-off valve 34. This valve temporarily cuts off the fluid flow to the motor 12 as recess 36 is moved to line up with fluid supply passage 31, to allow the clutching ring 21 to be moved during a condition of reduced torque. To prevent too rapid movement of valve 34, i.e. before shifting of piston element 23, passage 38 has an enlarged portion 58 and valve 57 is adjustable. When motor 12 finally stalls, air supply to passage 31 is then cut off so that passage 27 can vent via a restriction valve 59 and the various springs can restore the original arrangement as shown in Fig. 4. Manual operation of clutching ring 21 is achieved by turning a three-way valve 60, 90 degrees anti-clockwise and supplying a pressure pulse along passage 62. A number of nut runners may be connected in parallel and operated from a system having a single pressure regulator and a single manually operable throttle valve. Final torquing can be simultaneous or in a predetermined sequence by using a common control device 64 and turning valve 60, 90 degrees clockwise and valve 61, 90 degrees counter-clockwise. Rise in pressure at each sensing point is registered in the control device 64 which actuates piston elements 23 as desired by pressure pulses in passages 63. |
