| 摘要 |
1,010,887. Hydrodynamic torque converters; change-speed gear and control. FORD MOTOR CO. Ltd. Sept. 3, 1964 [Oct. 2, 1963], No. 36059/64. Headings F2C and F2D. An hydrodynamic torque converter for use with a motor car &c. change-speed gear and comprising an impeller 14, a reactor 18 mounted on a one-way detent 70 and a turbine 16, has associated with the impeller tiltable blades 116 mounted on radial shafts with cranked ends 112 pivoting in a circumferential groove around a ring-shaped piston 92 slidable axially within the central core of the converter. A hole 224 through the ring-shaped piston allows transfer of liquid from one of its sides to the other. The piston 92, which is biased by a spring 120 to the end position shown, is either supplied with liquid through pipes 144, 136, 140, 138, 140, 90, and the space between the turbine 16 and member 18, or is alternatively slidden against the spring bias to the other end position by liquid supplied through pipes 132, 130, 222. Change-speed control.-A pressure regulator valve 234 controls the pressure from an input-driven pump connected across input and return ports 250, 248 and is biased against the liquid pressure by a spring 246, with modulation from compensator pressure at 258; the compensator pressure may be a function of car speed and throttle setting (TV pressure), so that decreasing speed increases the regulated pressure, &c. Regulated pressure is fed from the valve 234 through a pipe 260 to a shift valve 228, which as shown is conditioned to open the pipe 132. The pipe 260 also feeds through a pipe 290 to a signal valve 230, biased to open a pipe 292 by springs 288. The signal valve 230 can be slidden against spring bias by TV pressure in a pipe 294, and governor pressure, itself dependent upon car speed, in a pipe 296. Governor pressure in the pipe 296 is also fed to one end of a limit valve 232, biased to close by a spring 304 and, when a direct-drive clutch in a following change-speed gear is engaged, by pressure in a pipe 308. With the shift valve 228 in the position shown, liquid flows through the torus circuit of the converter and is vented through the pipe 144 to sump. The tiltable impeller blades 116 are then turned to their " cruise " position. By increasing TV pressure in the pipe 294, the signal valve 230 is slidden leftwards against spring bias. If the motor car is stationary, there is no governor pressure in the pipe 296, and the signal valve 230 remains closed. As the signal valve 230 slides leftwards, the pipe 292 is shut-off from regulated pressure 260 and is instead vented to sump. The shift valve 228 is then spring-biased rightwards, shutting-off regulated pressure 260 from the pipe 132 and instead connecting it to the pipe 144. At the same time, the shift valve 238 connects the pipe 132 through a pipe 256 to sump 254, and shuts-off the pipe 144 from sump 274. The flow of liquid to the ring-shaped piston 92 is thus reversed, so that the piston slides axially to its other extreme end position, and turns the impeller blades 116 to their " high performance" position. If the motor car is travelling at a sufficient speed, governor pressure 296 moves the limit valve 232 rightwards against spring bias, to close an exhaust port 314 and apply governor pressure to the signal valve 230 through a pipe 312. When the direct-drive clutch in the change-speed gear is engaged, pressure in the pipe 308 delays movement of the limit valve 232 until a much higher road speed has been reached than when the direct-drive clutch is disengaged. Gearing.-The torque converter is illustrated as preceding a two-speed and reverse planet gear, Fig. 1 (not shown), similar to Fig. 1 of Specification 849,293 (see Group XXIV), and comprising intermeshed planets carried by a final output shaft and meshing two sun gears, one input driven through the hydrodynamic torque converter; the other held by a bandbrake for reduced drive or clutched to the input sun for direct. A ring-gear meshing one of the planet sets is braked for reverse. Specification 986,069 also is referred to. |
