| 摘要 |
PURPOSE:To obtain nitrobenzene useful as a raw material for aniline and synthetic intermediate for organic industrial chemicals in good yield with almost no formation of by-products, by nitrating benzene with a nitrating agent in the vapor phase in the presence of a niobium oxide catalyst. CONSTITUTION:Benzene is nitrated with NO2 or N2O4 as a nitrating agent in the presence of a niobium oxide catalyst, preferably in the presence of an inert gas, e.g. nitrogen, which is a diluent in the vapor phase at 80-250 deg.C. The amount of the nitrating agent based on the benzene is as follows; 0.1-3.0, preferably 0.2-2.0 molar ratio of NO2 to the benzene and 0.05-1.5, preferably 0.05-1.0 molar ratio of the N2O4 used to the benzene. The niobium oxide is readily obtained by heat-treating niobium hydroxide, etc. |
