| 摘要 |
Lithium hypochlorite compositions are prepared from Li2SO4 solutions containing Na2SO4 and possibly K2SO4 by adding a stoichiometric amount of aqueous NaOH to give LiOH and additional Na2SO4, lowering the temperature, e.g. to 30-35 DEG F. with or without dilution to crystallize out Na2SO4.10H2O, filtering, adding stoichiometric amounts of Cl2 and aqueous NaOH to form hypochlorite, and spray-drying the solution. The starting material may be obtained by decrepitating spodumene, roasting with H2SO4, leaching the Li2SO4 formed with water, adding limestone to a pH of 6, filtering, removing Ca and Mg, and concentrating by evaporation of water. It may contain 120-270 g/l Li2SO4, 10-150 g/l Na2SO4, and 0-60 g/l K2SO4. The NaOH solution is preferably 40-50% and in forming hypochlorite, an excess of 1/4 -/ba3/4 % is added (or LiOH may be used) to inhibit loss of Cl2. The hypochlorite solution may be fed at room temperature into a parallel flow spray drier in which inlet and outlet air temperatures are 380-420 DEG F. and 200-240 DEG F. respectively, and the composition is rapidly cooled to below 120 DEG F., e.g. by separation in a cyclone and then carrying in chilled air to a second cyclone. The product may contain 35-40% available Cl2 and have compositions LiOCl, 32%; NaCl, 34%; Na2SO4 and K2SO4, 20%; water, 3-7%. Its particle size is 60-80m and density 38-40 lbs./ft.3. It may be mixed with up to 2% surfactants before or after spray-drying.ALSO:A lithium hypochlorite composition containing 35-40% available chlorine, a 3-7% moisture and consisting of 32% LiOCl, 35% NaCl and 20% Na2SO4 and K2SO4, is mixed with up to 2% surfactants, e.g. benzene-, toluene-, xylene-, dodecyl-, tridecyl-, tetradecyl and pantadecyl benzene sodium sulphonates; sodium sulphate, sodium phosphates and polyphosphates, abrasives, sodium silicates, and optical brighteners may also be incorporated to give products e.g. scouring powders, containing 4-8% available chlorine.ALSO:A bleaching composition containing 35-40% available chlorine is typically made up of 32% LiOCl, 35% NaCl, 20% Na2SO4 (optionally together with K2SO4) and 3-7% water. It may be mixed with up to 2% surfactants, e.g. benzene-, toluene-, xylene-, dodecyl-, tridecyl-, tetradecyl- and pentadecyl-benzene sodium sulphonates and diluted with e.g. sodium sulphonate, sodium phosphates and polyphosphates, sodium silicates, and optical brighteners, to give products containing 4-8% available chlorine. |
