| 摘要 |
Spark discharge hard material deposition is carried out by using a process-controlled, three-dimensional coordinate robot system and a vanadium-containing hard material electrode. A process for electromechanical application of hard material layers onto conductive material surfaces, consisting of steel or metals such as aluminum, titanium and magnesium, comprises using a process-controlled, three-dimensional coordinate robot system for maintaining a constant electrode distance and energy transfer to apply a 2-15 microns thick hard material layer with uniform surface distribution and constant penetration depth onto the base material, the hard material electrode containing 1-3% vanadium so as to form a multiphase solid solution coating of W, V and Fe carbides with low porosity, uniform thickness, low internal tensile stresses and a V content of 1-3%. Independent claims are also included for the following: (i) a hard material coating applied three-dimensionally by means of electronic control onto high hot strength steel surfaces; (ii) guide rails in machine tools and equipment, as well as alignment shafts and guides exposed to sliding and rolling friction, having a hard material coating applied by the above process; and (iii) martensite-free austenitic steel components having a hard material coating applied by the above process.
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