| 摘要 |
1,055,425. Hydromechanical change speed gear. S.R.M. HYDROMEKANIK A.B. Sept. 18, 1963 [Sept. 26, 1962], No. 36699/63. Headings F2C, F2D and F2L. An hydromechanical transmission consists of an hydraulic torque converter 14 in front of a three-element epicyclic gear unit 64, 68, 70 controlled by an axially movable clutch sleeve 102, 104 operated by an hydraulic piston 124 and a double cone clutch-brake 88 operated by an annular hydraulic piston 132. Transmission.-The torque converter comprises an impeller 20 and a reactor 42 between turbines 30, 32, and a lock-up clutch 34. The turbine shaft 26 is integral with a radial flange 62 formed with the annulus 64 of the epicyclic unit, which meshes with pinions 66 on a carrier 68, the planets also meshing a sun-wheel 70. The clutch sleeve consists of axially fixed but relatively rotatable dog-toothed members 102, 104 and may be held in either of two axial positions by ball detents 118, 120. In the position shown splines on the respective members connect planet carrier 68 with output shaft 72 and sun-wheel 70 with the member 88, and when piston 124 is moved to the right to engage detent 120, planet carrier 68 is connected with member 88 and sun-wheel 70 with output shaft 72. Clutch-brake details.-The member 88 has a conical drum with internal and external friction surfaces 86, 90 engageable respectively with a complementary clutch surface 84 on the exterior of the member constituting the gear annulus 64 and a fixed brake surface 92 on a member forming part of the gear casing. The actuating piston 132 is of annular form and is normally centred by opposed conical springs 140, 142. In operation the force between the friction surfaces 90, 92 is greater than that between surfaces 84, 86. Hydraulic control system.-A pump 144 driven from the torque converter casing supplies pressure liquid to the converter and to the pressure chambers 22, 126, 134 for the lock-up clutch 34, sleeve-operating piston 124 and clutch-brake operating piston 132 respectively. A valve 170 controls admission to the converter and a blocking valve 156 and centrifugal regulator 160 controls admission to the lock-up clutch. In addition a spring-loaded selector valve 202 actuated by a solenoid 208 controls the supply to piston 124 and a second selector valve 186 actuated by a pair of solenoids 194, 196 controls the supply to piston 132, maximum pressure valves 190, 192 with different settings ensuring the different engagement forces between friction surfaces 84, 86 and 90, 92. The solenoids are controlled by a manual switch lever 210. Operation.-The gear is shown in the neutral position and upon moving switch 210 to position L, or LH if the speed of the output shaft 72 is sufficiently low, solenoid 196 is energized so that piston 132 and member 88 are moved to the right to engage brake friction surfaces 90, 92 and lock the sun-wheel 70. As the speed increases centrifugal regulator 160 opens to admit pressure liquid to engage the lock-up clutch 34. If switch lever 210 is moved to position H, or LH at sufficiently high speed, solenoid 196 is switched off and solenoid 194 energized, to reverse the pressure supply to piston 132 and thus engage clutch friction surfaces 84, 86 to lock the epicyclic gear for direct drive. With switch lever 210 in position R solenoids 196, 208 are both energized so that piston 124 is moved to the right and brake friction surfaces 90, 92 engaged to lock planet carrier 68 for reverse drive, and if the lever is moved further into position HR the sleeve 104 is held in position by piston 124 while member 88 is moved to engage clutch friction surfaces 84, 86 for direct drive. Modifications.-The sleeve 102, 104 may be omitted and the planet carrier 68 connected directly to the output shaft 72, Fig. 7 (not shown), or multiple planets may engage axially spaced sun-wheels, Figs. 11, 12, 13 (not shown). |
