| 摘要 |
By suppressing the presence of free oxygen during a cleaning process and a subsequent electrochemical deposition of a seed layer, the quality of a corresponding interface between the barrier material and the seed layer may be enhanced, thereby also improving performance and the characteristics of the finally obtained metal region. Thus, by identifying free oxygen as a main source for negatively affecting the characteristics of metals during a "direct on barrier" plating process, efficient strategies have been developed and are disclosed herein to provide a reliable technique for volume production of sophisticated semiconductor devices.
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