| 摘要 |
The dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons containing the group CH-CH is effected by reaction with chlorine and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising an intimate mixture of at least two inorganic materials at least one of which is a salt of an alkali or alkaline earth metal which does not decompose to the oxide or hydroxide at the reaction temperature and is present in an amount less than 25% by weight of the catalyst. The alkali or alkaline earth metal compound is preferably a phosphate, sulphate or halide and an oxide or hydroxide may also be present as a third ingredient. The other material may be practically any metal or compound thereof particularly a transition metal compound. The catalyst may be supported. Reaction is effected at 450-750 DEG C. with 0.4-2 moles of oxygen per mole of organic compound and 0.001-0.2 mol of halogen which may be added as hydrogen halide, ammonium halide or alkyl halide; bromine may also be present. Diluents may be added, e.g. up to 50 mols. of steam per mol. of organic compound. The L.H.S.V. based on organic compound may be 0.25-3.0 vol./vol./hr. giving residence times of 0.001-10 seconds. The following conversions are referred to: alkanes to alkenes, alkenes to alkadienes, alkyl aromatic compounds to alkenyl aromatic compounds, and cycloalkanes to aromatics.ALSO:The dehydrogenation of organic compounds containing the group CH-CH is effected by reaction with chlorine and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising an intimate mixture of at least two inorganic materials at least one of which is a salt of an alkali or alkaline earth metal which does not decompose to the oxide or hydroxide at the reaction temperature and is present in an amount less than 25% by weight of the catalyst. The alkali or alkaline earth metal compound is preferably a phosphate, sulphate or halide, and an oxide or hydroxide may also be present as a third ingredient. The other material may be practically any metal or compound thereof particularly a transition metal compound. The catalyst may be supported. Reaction is effected at 450-750 DEG C. with 0.4-2 moles of oxygen per mole of organic compound and 0.001-0.2 mol of halogen which may be added as hydrogen halide, ammonium halide or alkyl halide; bromine may also be present. Diluents may be added, e.g. up to 50 mols. of steam per mol. of organic compound. The L.H.S.V. based on organic compound may be 0.25-3.0 vol./vol./hr. giving residence times of 0.001-10 seconds. The following conversions are referred to: alkyl heterocyclic compounds to alkenyl heterocyclic compounds, alkyl halides or cyanides to alkenyl halides or cyanides, and ethers, esters, aldehydes, ketones or acids to corresponding unsaturated compounds. |
