Method of obtaining low temperatures and apparatus for implementing the same

摘要

A method of obtaining low temperatures comprising pulse-feeding a refrigerant within a step-wise pressure range where boiling occurs, and its vapors are formed at a low pressure. The refrigerant vapors are subsequently compressed and condensed until the formation of a liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant is subcooled and boiled at a low pressure and a temperature out of the boiling temperature step-wise range with the number of steps depending on the final temperature of the refrigerated medium. An apparatus for obtaining low temperatures comprises, successively interconnected in a closed path, an evaporator, a means to separate a liquid refrigerant, associated with at least two differential pressure relays through pressure transducers, a compressor, a condenser, a receiver, a means for pulse feeding of the liquid refrigerant, and a means for uniform distribution of the liquid refrigerant. The evaporator comprises interconnected suction header and at least two heat-exchange plates, one of which is associated with at least two temperature relays through temperature transducers.