According to an embodiment of the present invention, a cable anchoring device includes: a fixing cap including a bracket and a locking protrusion part for locking; a fixing socket including a first body part having a bracket fixing groove formed therein and a second body part inserted into the fixing cap; and a pressurizing member disposed between the second body part and the fixing cap. When the bracket fixing groove is inserted into the bracket, the fixing cap is moved by the pressurizing member such that the locking protrusion part is inserted into a locking groove of the bracket.