| 摘要 |
An assistant, for fixing cationic dyes in polyacrylonitrile fibre or copolymers thereof using steam, comprises (a) ethylene carbonate and/or propylene carbonate and (b) one or more non ionic surfactants, the weight ratio (a):(b) being from 15:85 to 85:15. The assistant may also contain up to 2% by weight of an antifoaming agent, e.g. a trialkyl phosphate. Preferred anionic surfactants are polyglycol derivatives containing a hydrophobic radical e.g. a C6-C20 alkyl group, an alkylaryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group or a polyether group having a carbon:oxygen molecular ratio of at least 3:1 connected by oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur to a hydrophylic polyglycol radical having a carbon:oxygen molecular ratio of less than 3:1. The examples describe the production of yellow, red and black shades by padding, injection or vigorous printing followed by a steam fixation treatment. |
