| 摘要 |
<p>A medical device for surgical procedures is provided which includes an instrument (11) having a working end (15) defined by a portion of the instrument (11) that can be visualized in a surgical field during a micro-invasive or minimally invasive surgical procedure. The working end (15) includes a tissue manipulating element (16), and a non-reflective outer surface (19), which covers the working end (15) in its entirety so that the outer surface (19) is free from glare points. The outer surface (19) of the working end (15) is preferably electrochemically etched to form a darkened metal oxide composition surface. The invention also includes micro-invasive surgical assemblies, which include a light source (53, 67) for illuminating the surgical field and visualization means (50, 60) as well as an instrument (1) with a non-reflective working end (5). Processes for providing a surgical article with a non-reflective surface are also provided. The processes include placing an electrode (77) adjacent the working end (15) of the article (10), maintaining a gap (78) between the article (10), and the electrode (77). Electrolyte (75) is supplied to the gap (78) while passing an electric current between the article (10), and electrode (77) to provide a substantially uniform non-reflective surface to the entire working end (15) of the article (10).</p> |
