| 摘要 |
A sensing method and apparatus using photonic band gap multilayered material. Photonic band gap multi-layers are formed from alternating layers of higher refractive index and lower refractive index materials, and may be deposited or disposed on a optically transparent substrate or a reflecting face of a prism. Light is directed into the prism, directed to the photonic band gap multilayer, and reflected out of the prism, where it is captured and analyzed. Various sensor configurations keep light wavelength or coupling angle fixed, while monitoring the change in the other parameter. Also disclosed is a microarray configuration with an array of probe spots placed on one surface of the multilayer, which is mounted on an x-y translation stage. Also disclosed is a configuration where a cylindrical lens focuses an expanded and collimated light beam to a line that transects the rows of array elements sequentially, producing an image with shifted surface electromagnetic wave modes for each row, corresponding to individual elements of the array row. Further disclosed is a PBG multilayer with a periodic grating structure in or on the terminating layer.
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