| 摘要 |
<p>This hydrogeological process makes it possible to determine, in the form of mean values for a measurement range, main permeabilities, mean permeabilities, joint system permeabilities, throughflow effective total space proportions and joint-space proportions of homogeneous layers of anisotropic liquid- or gas-filled solids as mean values for a measurement range. The process can be operated from ground surface and via bore holes. The technical implementation is by means of a linear geoelectrical star bore which unites several linear point-symmetrical arrangements of different directions in a measurement plane. The evaluation provides the layer structure and specific resistance anisotropies. By subsequent processing of the anisotropy parameter of a layer it is possible to obtain direction-dependent specific resistances of the rock body, as well as the direction of the main permeability. The layer-specific hydraulic characteristic values are calculated according to formulas calibrated on the basis of structural geology, into which are incorporated the initial data such as the specific resistance depending on direction, specific resistance of the rock body depending on direction, specific resistance of the liquid, the calibration factors based on structural geology, the kinematic viscosities and flow factor. The main fields of application of the process are underground water investigations, construction of dams, tunnels (in rock), renovation of structures, reconnaissance of building sites, construction material tests, inspection of sealing shields, sealing layers, masonry structures and dikes, environmental protection (waste disposal), prospection for geothermal sources, gas and mineral waters and hydrocarbons.</p> |
