| 摘要 |
Reducing formation of carbonate crystals on heat exchanger surfaces comprises introduction of a specific amount of electrical energy using structured electrodes to generate an alternating field, which hinders the high temperature separation of the hydrogen carbonate into sparingly soluble carbonate and CO2. Reducing formation of carbonate crystals on heat exchanger surfaces comprises introduction of a specific amount of electrical energy using structured electrodes to generate an alternating field, which hinders the high temperature separation of the hydrogen carbonate into sparingly soluble carbonate and CO2. The energy exceeds 2.8 J/mmol HCO3<-> and the current more than 10 mA/ mmol HCO3<->. The field strength is 3 V/cm. At least one of the electrodes has a high internal surface area which separates the carbonate and CO2 and releases the seed crystal into the free volume. The structured electrodes consist of sheet metal with a compressed layer of graphite felt or possibly a graphite/ceramic coating material.
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