Methods, materials and apparatus for improving control and efficiency of layer-by-layer processes

摘要

The disclosure provides materials, apparatuses, and methods for making multilayer coatings with a high degree of efficiency and control. In some aspects, for example, coatings are described having multiple layers of nanoparticles and a polyelectrolyte, wherein the nanoparticles form tightly packed monolayers. The interface between monolayers may include polyelectrolyte material. One or more aspects of such monolayers and interfaces are controllable.

主权项

1. A method for depositing a film on a substrate, the method comprising:
(a) depositing a first deposition solution comprising a first deposition material on a substrate to form a first monolayer of said first deposition material; (b) applying a rinse solution to the first monolayer for a period of time trinse to form a rinse layer to remove excess first deposition material, wherein trinse≦10 seconds; (c) reducing the thickness of said rinse layer to form a residual rinse layer having a thickness of between 0 microns and 5 microns; and (c) either:
i) depositing a second deposition solution comprising a second deposition material on said residual rinse layer for a period of time tdep to form a second monolayer of said second deposition material, where said residual rinse layer has a non-zero thickness; orii) depositing said second deposition solution comprising said second deposition material on said first monolayer for a period of time tdep to form said second monolayer of said second deposition material, where said residual rinse layer is absent;
wherein tdep≦−10 seconds;wherein said first monolayer and said second monolayer form a bilayer.