| 主权项 |
1. A method for the in vitro efficacy of a formulation or active ingredient in preventing the harmful effects of UV on the skin of children aged three years or younger, said method comprising the following steps:
a. contacting said formulation or said active ingredient with a skin model comprising keratinocytes obtained from subjects aged three years or younger; b. exposing the skin model of step a) to UV; c. measuring the expression level of a combination of biomarkers comprising or consisting of: at least one skin inflammation marker selected from the group consisting of Prostaglandin G/H Synthase 2 (PTGS2), interleukins, the Interleukin 1 (IL1) receptor (IL1-R), the antagonist of the IL1 receptor (IL1-RN), and matrix metalloproteases; and at least one antioxidant antimicrobial defence or DNA marker selected from the group consisting of catalase, superoxide dismutase 1, defensins, and the p53 tumour suppressor protein (p53); and at least one epidermal barrier marker selected from the group consisting of filaggrin, keratin 1, sciellin, loricrin, claudin 1 and homeobox protein BarH-like 2 (barx2); and at least one skin adhesion and repair marker selected from among cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), platelet glycoprotein 4 (molecule CD36 and fibronectin1; and at least one marker preferably expressed in stem cells selected from among the p63 tumour suppressor protein (p63) and survivin,in the skin model of step b),
d. comparing the expression level of at least one biomarker obtained at step c) with a reference expression level; e. evaluating the efficacy of said formulation or said active ingredient in preventing the harmful effects of UV on the skin of children aged three years or younger, as a function of the comparison at step d);wherein said formulation or active ingredient is efficient in preventing the harmful UV effects on the skin of children aged three years or younger when said formulation or active ingredient allows modulation of the expression of said combination of biomarkers. |
