| 摘要 |
An electrochemical cell for causing a reaction that produces hydrogen, the electrochemical cell comprising: a first electrode comprising: at least one layered electrocatalyst formed of at least one active metal layer deposited on a carbon support, wherein the at least one active metal layer is active to a target species; a second electrode comprising a conductor; a basic electrolyte; ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof; and electrical current in communication with the first electrode. An fuel cell utilizing ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, comprising: a housing; an anode disposed within the housing, the anode comprising at least one layered electrocatalyst, wherein the at least one layered electrocatalyst comprises at least one active metal layer and at least one second metal layer deposited on a carbon support; a basic electrolyte disposed adjacent the anode; a cathode disposed adjacent the basic electrolyte, wherein the cathode comprises a conductor; and an oxidant in communication with the cathode for connecting with a power conditioner, a load, or combinations thereof, wherein the power conditioner, the load, or combinations thereof is in communication with the anode, which oxidizes the ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, causing the fuel cell to form an electric current. An electrochemical method for providing hydrogen using ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, comprising: forming an anode comprising a layered electrocatalyst, the layered electrocatalyst comprising at least one active metal layer deposited on a carbon support; providing a cathode comprising a conductor; disposing a basic electrolyte between the anode and the cathode; disposing a fuel within the basic electrolyte; and applying a current to the anode causing the oxidation of the fuel, forming hydrogen at the cathode. A layered electrocatalyst for oxidizing ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, comprising: a carbon support integrated with a conductive metal; at least one first metal plating layer at least partially deposited on the carbon support, wherein the at least one first metal plating layer is active to OH adsorption and inactive to a target species, and wherein the at least one first metal plating layer has a thickness ranging from 10 nanometers to 10 microns; and at least one second metal plating layer at least partially deposited on the at least one first metal plating layer, wherein the at least one second metal plating layer is active to the target species, and wherein the at least one second metal plating layer has a thickness ranging from 10 nanometers to 10 microns, forming a layered electrocatalyst. |
