Antifungal metabolites from fungal endophytes of <i>Pinus strobus</i>

摘要

The disclosure pertains to isolated white pine toxigenic endophytes and the compounds produced by the fungal endophytes as well as methods and uses of the white pine endophytes. The isolated white pine toxigenic endophytes are useful for preparing white pine seedlings and plants that have increased tolerance to a pest and are prepared by inoculating a white pine seedling during the susceptible time window.

主权项

1. A method of colonizing a nursery grown white pine seedling with a toxigenic endophyte comprising: 1) selecting a toxigenic endophyte producing a compound selected from a compound of the formula (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and/or (VI); 2) mechanically inoculating the nursery grown white pine seedling or a white pine seed with an inoculum composition comprising hyphal fragments of the toxigenic endophyte at a concentration of at least 0.2 hyphal fragments per microliter, during a susceptible time window when the white pine seedling or white pine seed is susceptible to colonization by the toxigenic endophyte, 3) growing the inoculated seedling or seed under conditions, wherein the toxigenic endophyte colonizes the seedling and produces a toxigenic amount of a compound selected from a compound of the formula (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and/or (VI), wherein the compound is selected from a compound of the formula (I) in all their stereoisomeric forms and mixtures thereof in any ratio, and their physiologically tolerable salts;a compound of the formula (II) wherein R4 is independently or simultaneously H, halo, OH, or CH3, n is an integer between 0 and 3, in all their stereoisomeric forms and mixtures thereof in any ratio, and their physiologically tolerable salts;a compound of the formula (III)a compound the formula (IV)a compound of the formula (V)a compound of formula (VI)