| 摘要 |
4 9 PROCESS FOR REDUCING THE RESTART PRESSURE OF STREAMS SELECTED FROM WAXY CRUDE OILS, WATER-IN-CRUDE EMULSIONS AND DISPER- SIONS OF HYDROCARBON HYDRATES, AND METHOD FOR MEASURING THE PROFILE OF THE INNER DIAMETER OF A PIPELINE AND THE INSTANT 5 VISCOSITY OF THE FLUID CONTAINED THEREIN. ABSTRACT A PROCESS IS DESCRIBED FOR REDUCING THE RESTART PRESSURE OF STREAMS SELECTED FROM WAXY CRUDE OILS, WATER-IN-CRUDE EMUL- SIONS AND DISPERSIONS OF HYDROCARBON HYDRATES, AT LEAST PAR- 0 TIALLY STRUCTURED, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT A MECHANIC DISTUR- BANCE IS APPLIED, IN FLOW-STOP CONDITIONS, ON SAID STREAMS, HAVING: TEMPERATURES LOWER THAN THE WAT (WAX APPEARANCE TEMPERA- TURE) FOR THE WAXY CRUDE OILS AND WATER-IN-CRUDE EMULSIONS; 5 - TEMPERATURES LOWER THAN THE FORMING TEMPERATURES OF SAID HYDRATES AND PRESSURES HIGHER THAN THE FORMING PRESSURE OF SAID HYDRATES, FOR THE DISPERSIONS OF HYDROCARBON HYDRATES. FURTHERMORE, A METHOD IS DESCRIBED FOR MEASURING THE IN- NER DIAMETER OF A PIPELINE AND THE INSTANT VISCOSITY OF THE 0 FLUID CONTAINED THEREIN, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT IT IS PER- FORMED BY GENERATING SOUND OR INFRASCUND WAVES WHICH ARE GEN- ERATED, UNDER FLOW-ABSENCE CONDITIONS, BY MEANS OF FAST FLOW- RATE TRANSIENTS, SUBSEQUENTLY RECORDED BY A SUITABLE MEASUR- ING DEVICE AND PROCESSED, THUS OBTAINING THE PROFILE OF THE 5 INNER DIAMETER OF THE DUCT AND THE INSTANT VISCOSITY OF THE -7 |
