| 摘要 |
The invention relates to nuclear power, and the implementation of the invention increases the safety of the operation of nuclear reactors (NR). The invention can be successfully used in NR with a liquid-metal coolant (LMC), particularly in fast neutron reactors with heavy liquid-metal coolants (HLMC), for example, a eutectic alloy of lead-bismuth or lead. The method is characterised in that the value of the damaging dose of fast neutrons (dpa number) that causes an unacceptable reduction in the plastic properties of steel is determined. Then, when a corresponding value of the reactor energy yield is reached, the direction of the motion of the coolant is changed from the operating direction to the opposite direction. Next, the time period in which the annealing of the core elements is to be carried out is selected, whereupon a temperature, which is no lower than the temperature which provides for the recovery of the plastic properties of the steel in the lower portion of the core over the selected time period, is selected and provided in an annealing mode by means of regulation of the power level. After the selected time period has elapsed, the annealing mode is ended and the direction of the motion of the coolant is changed from the opposite direction back to the operating direction. A nuclear reactor enabling the implementation of the proposed method is also claimed. |
