| 摘要 |
The invention relates to a device in the form of a 3-zone gasifier and to a method for operating such a gasifier.;It is the object of the invention to provide a device which initiates a longer dwell time and enhanced performance of the gasification process, prevents process-induced clogging, displacements and congestion of the gasifier, organises an intensification of the convective heat transfer into the carbon particles, ensures stabilisation of the gasification process as well as a differentiated and higher process and temperature stability and produces a nearly tar- and dust-free raw gas. This object is achieved in that the 3-zone gasifier comprises a casing (4) surrounding a gasifier trough (3), a gasifier shell (13) arranged above the gasifier trough (3) and is provided with an insulation (14), a gasifier head (17) arranged above the gasifier shell (13) and provided with an insulation (14), and a free gasifier space (20) enclosed by the gasifier shell (13) and the gasifier head (17), wherein the gasifier trough (3), the casing (4), the discharge chute (6), the gasifier shell (13) and the gasifier head (17) are connected to each other in a gas-tight manner, at least one syngas outlet (16) is located in the upper part of the gasifier shell (13), the gasifier trough (3) comprises a perforated bottom (35) with a contaminant outlet (5) and is surrounded by a separating space (11) which terminates in at least one discharge chute (6), and a sheathed, truncated cone (21) is arranged in the area of the connection between the gasifier trough (3) and the free gasifier space (20), which truncated cone (21) is open at the top and at the bottom, has a diameter which tapers towards the gasifier head (17) and is placed above the gasifier trough (3) in a bell-shaped manner. |
| 主权项 |
1. A 3-zone gasifier, comprising a casing (4) surrounding a gasifier trough (3), a gasifier shell (13) arranged above the gasifier trough (3) and provided with an insulation (14), a gasifier head (17) arranged above the gasifier shell (13) and provided with an insulation (14), and a free gasifier space (20) enclosed by the gasifier shell (13) and the gasifier head (17), wherein
the gasifier trough (3), the gasifier shell (13) and the gasifier head (17) are connected to each other in a gas-tight manner, there is at least one syngas outlet (16) in the upper part of the gasifier shell (13), the gasifier trough (3) comprises a perforated bottom (35) and is surrounded by a separating space (11) which terminates in at least one discharge chute (6), at least one solids inlet (1) terminates in the gasifier trough (3), the discharge chute (6) comprises a lock (7) and terminates in an outlet device (8) for residues below the perforated bottom (35), at least one gasification agent supply (9) leads into the discharge chute (6), at least one injector (10) leads into the gasifier trough (3) above the filling limit, and a sheathed, truncated cone (21), which is open at its top and bottom surfaces, tapers in diameter towards the gasifier head (17) and is placed, in a bell-like manner, above the gasifier trough (3), is arranged in the area of the connection between the gasifier trough (3) and the free gasifier space (20), said truncated cone (21) and a baffle (26) located inside the gasifier shell (13) together generating a radial, annular gap opening (22) and a flow channel (30),characterized in that the upper opening of the truncated cone (21), which faces the gasifier head (17), is provided as a flow control valve in such a manner that a flow control valve body (23) with a centric guide (24) is arranged above a valve seat in the form of a flow ring (31), thereby generating a central, annular gap opening (32), said truncated cone (21) or said flow control valve body (23) being movable vertically and lockable, so that the annular gap opening (32) is dimensionally adjusted by the vertical position of the truncated cone (21) or of the flow control valve body (23), and the perforated bottom (35) is provided with a contaminant discharge (5). |
