Disclosed is a liquid fuel synthesis system (1) comprising: a reformer (12) for reforming a hydrocarbon raw material to produce a synthetic gas comprising mainly a carbon monoxide gas and a hydrogen gas; a bubble column reactor (30) for synthesizing a liquid hydrocarbon from the carbon monoxide gas and the hydrogen gas contained in the synthetic gas; a purification treatment apparatus (9) for performing a predetermined purification treatment of the liquid hydrocarbon which has been synthesized in the bubble column reactor (30); and a heat exchanger (100) for heating the liquid hydrocarbon which is introduced into the purification treatment apparatus (9) using a gas exhausted from the reformer (12) as a heat source.
