| 摘要 |
A functional orthopedic magetic appliance (FOMA) for correcting sagittal disproportions of the jaws in the form of skeletal malocclusions occurring when one jaw jets further outward anteriorly than the other jaw; and may also be used when the sagittal imbalance is associated with vertical jaw relationship problems to correct an accompanied open bite or deep bite. The FOMA includes at least one pair of anterior magnetic units in attractive orientation, with an upper magnetic unit secured to the upper jaw and a lower magnetic unit secured to the lower jaw. The anterior magnetic unit can be placed labial or lingual to the dental arch. The magnetic unit associated with the forward extending jaw is positioned anterior or forward of the other magnetic unit when the mouth is open and almost no attractive force is operating. When the mouth moves toward a closed condition, the magnetic units come into contact (no air gap) with each other, thereby pulling the mandibular jaw toward the maxillary jaw in the direction for reducing the skeletal imbalance. Repositioning of the lower jaw to a new sagittal position is achieved by gradual or abruptive anterior/posterior adjustments of at least one magnetic unit within the plane of skeletal imbalance to the point where the attractive magnetic force causes full overlapping of juxtaposed magnetic units and overcomes the counterforce of the stretched mandibular muscles. Also, at least one of the anterior magnetic units may be adjustable in the vertical direction. Posterior positioned upper and lower magnets may be incorporated in the FOMA having poles in an attractive and repulsive orientation for the correction of deep bite or open bite malocclusions, simultaneously with the sagittal correction of the upper or lower jaws. The FOMA can be constructed as a fixed or removable appliance, and can also be integrated with an extra oral appliance such as a headgear.
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