Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

摘要

A conductive layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a first metal oxide particle, a second metal oxide particle, and a binder material. The first metal oxide particle is a zinc oxide particle or tin oxide particle coated with tin oxide doped with phosphorus, tungsten, fluorine, niobium, or tantalum, and the second metal oxide particle is a tin oxide particle doped with an element selected from the group consisting of phosphorus, tungsten, fluorine, niobium, and tantalum, the element being the same as the element with which the tin oxide of the first metal oxide particle is doped. The conductive layer satisfies formulae (1) and (2)
2≦{(V2/VT)/(V1/VT)}×100≦25  formulae (1):15≦{(V1/VT)+(V2/VT)}×100≦45  formulae (2).

主权项

1. An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising:
a support; a conductive layer on the support; and a photosensitive layer on the conductive layer, wherein the conductive layer comprises:
a binder material;a first metal oxide particle; anda second metal oxide particle, the first metal oxide particle is
(i) a zinc oxide particle coated with tin oxide doped with one element selected from phosphorus, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, and fluorine, or(ii) a tin oxide particle coated with tin oxide doped with one element selected from phosphorus, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, and fluorine, the second metal oxide particle is a tin oxide particle doped with one element selected from phosphorus, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, and fluorine, wherein the element with which the second metal oxide particle is doped is the same as the element with which the tin oxide of the first metal oxide particle is doped, and wherein the conductive layer satisfies the following formulae (1) and (2),
2≦{(V2/VT)/(V1/VT)}×100≦25  (1)15≦{(V1/VT)+(V2/VT)}×100≦45  (2) where in the formulae (1) and (2), VT (cm3) represents a total volume of the conductive layer, V1 (cm3) represents a total volume of the first metal oxide particle in the conductive layer, and V2 (cm3) represents a total volume of the second metal oxide particle in the conductive layer.