Method of making long tunnels using tubbings as lining

摘要

In a method of making long tunnels using tubbing as lining, a novel combination of means and steps of the method is used, in which the tunnel is excavated with a tunnel-boring machine (1) with yielding shield casing (4) and is lined continuously in the protection of the shield tail according to the unit construction principle with tubbing blocks of special form complementing one another to form tubbing rings (15), the deformation forces occurring until a new state of equilibrium of the rock is reached are absorbed by the shield tail (4) and by the tubbing rings, which are designed so as to yield to a limited extent, an outer sealing of the tube is provided, and the gap between excavation (2) and tunnel tube is filled with a material (22) which can yield to a limited extent in order to absorb long-term deformation forces. A tunnel lining produced according to the method, special forms of the tubbing blocks and novel designs of the travelling-operation means for the tunnel are specified.