Blood treatment systems and methods

摘要

Dialysis systems are disclosed comprising new fluid flow circuits. Systems may include blood and dialysate flow paths, where the dialysate flow path includes balancing, mixing, and/or directing circuits. Dialysis systems may include a safety system utilizing a field programmable gate array (FPGA) that monitors at least conductivity and temperature of dialysate in the flow circuit upstream of a dialyzer and enters a fail-safe state if the measured conductivity is outside of a range of values. The FPGA may be verified to be operating properly by exposing sensors in fluid paths to temperatures or conductivities that are outside pre-determined permissible ranges of values, and confirming that the FPGA safety system enters a fail-safe state in response to the temperatures or conductivities. The FPGA may be configured to monitor an amount of ultrafiltration fluid withdrawn from a patient during dialysis treatment and to enter a fail-safe state if a maximum amount is exceeded.

主权项

1. A dialysis unit including:
a dialysate flow circuit including a dialyzer and an ultra-filtration pump; and a field programmable gate array that monitors an amount of ultrafiltration fluid withdrawn from a patient during a dialysis treatment by the dialysis unit by setting a given register to a first value and increasing the value of the register by a first incremental value for every pump stroke of the ultra-filtration pump and decreasing the value of the register by a second incremental value for each pre-determined increment of time, wherein the field programmable gate array enters a fail-safe state if the value of the register exceeds a pre-determined maximum value.