System for sensing electrical depolarization wave signals and their direction

摘要

Apparatus and method for sensing the probable onset of ventricular fibrillation or other harmful tachyarrhythmias and delivering electrical cardioverting stimulation pulses in response thereto. The sensing of the onset of the harmful tachyarrhythmia is accomplished using two different types of sensors. The first sensing technique utilizes an intracardiac ECG observed within three dimensional space. Directional changes of the current vector within the intracardiac ECG are used to predict the onset of harmful ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The second sensing technique employs a chemically sensitive semiconductor device which measures the level of ionic potassium found within the intracardiac blood. Rapid changes in ionic potassium level are used to predict the onset of detrimental ventricular tachyarrhythmias. An implantable device uses both types of sensors in a programmable fashion to deliver cardioverting electrical stimulation pulses based upon the predicted onset of ventricular fibrillation.