| 摘要 |
<p>1389232 Pipes with baffles; junction pieces; reducing surface friction SHELL INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ NV 27 April 1972 [29 April 1971] 19566/72 Headings F2P, F2G, F2R The rate of flow of a viscous liquid, e.g. oil, through a pipe-line 11 is increased by interposing an annular layer of a less viscous liquid, e.g. water, adjacent the pipe wall through an inlet piece comprising a central channel 1 having at least one inlet 3 and an exit 4 for the viscous liquid, a chamber 5 having at least one inlet 7 and an outlet 8 for the less viscous liquid surrounding the exit 4, a connecting piece 18 for connection to the pipe-line 11, and one or more resistances 16, 17 within the central channel 1 to promote a uniform flow of liquid across the channel cross-section. In one embodiment, as shown, the resistances 16, 17 are perforated plates in which the sizes of holes diminish towards the centres of the plates. In another embodiment the resistances are a pair of grids (9, 10) (Fig. 1, not shown) in which the wires of one grid are at 90 degrees to those of the other, and the connecting piece (12) is frusto-conical. In a further embodiment, the resistance comprises a series of baffles (19), (Fig. 3, not shown), extending axially within the central channel 1 to divide it into separate sub-channels (20) of hexagonal cross-section. A series of inlets (3) to the central channel may be arranged so that each inlet connects with a single sub channel which in this case extends the full length of the central channel. The central channel exit has a collar (21) of flexible material.</p> |
