| 摘要 |
1,094,017. Change-speed and clutch control. TWIN DISC CLUTCH CO. June 15, 1966 [July 19, 1965], No. 26653/66. Headings F2D and F2L. A change-speed and reversing gear for tractors such as bulldozers is provided with means inhibiting establishment of a ratio which would drive the tractor in the opposite direction to that in which it is already travelling. The inhibit control is disabled in the event of brake failure so that the shift may be made to a reverse direction to stop the tractor, and the control is also disabled so long as the transmission is not shifted to a new drive ratio so that the tractor may be driven up a hill, allowed to roll back by disengagement of the main clutch, and subsequently driven back up the hill by reengagement of the main clutch. Gearing.-Two forward and two reverse ratios are provided by a constant-mesh gear having an input shaft 41 driven from an engine shaft by way of a main modulated clutch 13 and an hydraulic torque converter 14, the input shaft being geared directly and by way of a reverse idler 47 to counter shafts 44, 45 to which gears 50, 51 and 57, 59 are selectively clutchable by hydraulically engaged clutches 55, 56 and 60, 61 to drive an output shaft 18 driving the tractor. Servo-pressure supply.-An engine driven pump 23 normally supplies servo pressure for engaging the ratio establishing clutches and the main modulated clutch 13, and a pump 196 driven by the output shaft 18 supplies liquid to a line 204 or 205 according to the direction of rotation of the output shaft and controls the position of a valve 208 of the inhibit control. Pump 196 supplies servo pressure for the clutches to provide for push-starting, a valve 70 connecting the engine driven pump 23 to the servo system and the pump 196 to a sump 24 when the engine speed is sufficient. Push-starting.-When the engine driven pump 23 is inoperative and the vehicle is pushed, pump 196 supplies pressure via the valve 208 and a line 218 to shift the valve 70 to the left, thus opening line 218 to the servo system supply line 68a to provide pressure for engaging the clutches 13 and 55, 56, 60 or 61 for push-starting. When the engine starts pump 23 pressure on the left-hand end of valve 70 shifts it to the right, thus opening the servo supply line 68a to the engine pump output and opening line 218 to the sump 24. Main and ratio clutch control.-Engagement of a ratio establishing clutch is controlled by a valve 66 which is actuated by cross-shift movement of a gear lever 85 to a position adjacent a selected horizontal slot 87, movement along the slot 87 controlling the degree of engagement of the clutch 13. Movement of the lever 85 along a slot 87 towards the cross-shift slot shifts a valve stem 102 to the right to give corresponding movement of a follow-up servo piston 124 to relieve the loading of a spring 130 acting on a valve 118 which is then shifted rightwardly by another spring to exhaust the servo chamber 30 of the clutch 13. Shift of the gear lever to the right along a slot 87 re-engages the clutch 13, a valve 69 delaying re-engagement until the selected ratio clutch has been engaged. The servo liquid supply line 68a communicates via a restriction 152 with a line 68 leading to the ratio control valve 66. On gear shift, the pressure in line 68 falls as it is open to an empty clutch servo chamber, and this pressure, acting on the right-hand side of a valve piston 146 via a passage 155, is insufficient to prevent the valve being shifted to the right by servo pressure in a chamber 151, thereby giving unrestricted communication from the servo line 68a to the line 68 for engaging the selected ratio establishing clutch, and also opening a chamber 109c at the right-hand end of the servo piston 124 to exhaust 160, 129, so that the piston 124 cannot shift to the left to open the clutch control valve 118 until the ratio establishing clutch pressure 68 has risen sufficiently to shift the valve 146 to the left, thus ensuring that the ratio establishing clutches engage first and any slip occurs in the clutch 13. The clutch 13 can also be disengaged, and its degree of engagement controlled, by depression of a pedal 168 controlling a valve 106 in the line to the clutch. Inhibit control.-Pump 196 delivers to the line 204 or 205 according to the direction of drive and thereby shifts the valve 208 to the right or left so that the servo pressure 211 is supplied, through the valve and a line 220 or 221 and a disabling valve 222 to valves 181, 182 or 184, 185 to inhibit shifts to forward or reverse. The valves 181, 182, 184, 185 are spring-biased to their open positions and are closed by the servo pressure. If servo pressure is already being supplied through one of the valves 181 etc. to the corresponding clutch, this pressure opposes the servo pressure and prevents closure of the valve so that roll-back manoeuvres are permitted. The brake servo system is always pressurized to some extent, except in the event of brake failure when this pressure 232 vanishes and permits the disabling valve 222 to shift to the left which disables the inhibit control. |
