| 摘要 |
FIELD: processing of vegetable materials and petroleum products. SUBSTANCE: fatty acid butyl esters are prepared esterification of fatty acids with butyl alcohol in the presence of aromatic sulfonic acids. Esterification is carried out by boiling reaction mixture in inert gas or hydrogen in water-separating device at temperatures of from 60 to 140 C and atmospheric or reduced pressure of not less than 8.6 kPa at molar ratio of fatty acids to catalyst to butyl alcohol of 1:(0.01-0.025):(1.2-2) for 1.5-4 hours followed by extraction of unreacted acids with 3-6% aqueous alkaline solution and washing of butyl esters with water. Experiments are carried out on fatty acids of tallow oil and synthetic C-Cfatty acids butyl esters of which, without further purification, are used as substitutes of dehydrated castor and coconut oils, respectively in automobile varnishes, primers and enamels. Yields of fatty acid butyl esters are 90-99% of theory. Tests of the materials carried out with the used fatty acid of butyl esters of tallow oil in automobile paint materials show high physical and mechanical properties of films of varnish and primer, their hardness being by 30-35% higher than the standard one. EFFECT: improved quality of butyl alcohols, reduced power consumption and smaller amount of butyl alcohol. |
