Systems and methods for generating markup-language based expressions from multi-modal and unimodal inputs

摘要

When using finite-state devices to perform various functions, it is beneficial to use finite state devices representing regular grammars with terminals having markup-language-based semantics. By using markup-language-based symbols in the finite state devices, it is possible to generate valid markup-language expressions by concatenating the symbols representing the result of the performed function. The markup-language expression can be used by other applications and/or devices. Finite-state devices are used to convert strings of words and gestures into valid markup-language, for example, XML, expressions that can be used, for example, to provide an application program interface to underlying system applications.

主权项

1. A method comprising:
generating, via a processor, from an first input lattice representing a speech modality of an input, a first markup-language expression; generating, via the processor, from a second input lattice representing a second modality of the input, a second markup-language expression, wherein the second modality is not speech, the first markup-language expression and the second markup-language expression being unusable in that form by a first application that provides a first function and a second application performing a second function on the input; generating, via a finite-state transducer, a mapping, wherein the finite-state transducer uses the first input lattice and a finite-state machine having associated markup-language semantics to relate the first markup-language expression to the second markup-language expression; generating, using the input and a second finite-state machine representing the mapping, a sequence of symbols; concatenating the sequence of symbols, to yield a concatenated third markup-language expression; parsing the concatenated third markup-language expression to yield a parsed markup-language expression; performing the first function to provide a route to a destination via use of the first application and the parsed markup-language expression; and performing the second function on the input via use of the second application and the parsed markup-language expression, wherein the first application differs from the second application.