HEATPUMP

摘要

The invention is concerned with a compression or absorption heatpump system with normal closed circuit for the heat transport fluid, including an evaporator for withdrawing heat from any type of cold water at a temperature between 0.degree.C and approximately 10.degree.C,forming the (ambient) heat source, in which system the heat transport fluid is in liquid phase at a temperature below O.degree.C when entering the evaporator, such that ice is formed on the outside of the evaporator. The evaporator and the heat-source-water are both contained substantially without having mutual contact in a vacuum vessel at approximately 0.006 ata, so that triple-point-boiling and simultaneously ice formation is the water takes place. The vapor condenses and freezes in a desublimation process on the outside of the evaporator, resulting in only about 12% of all ice being deposited on the evaporator and 88% formed in the water charge as small crystals providing a pumpable suspension. This suspension is continuously and/or periodically withdrawn from the vessel. Thus periodically only said 12% of all ice has to be removed from the evaporator. Preferably this is done by first introducing a small water charge at an elevated temperature of about 35.degree.C into the emptied vacuum vessel, giving such an intensive vapour production that the ice is melted off from the evaporator in short time. Thereafter the charge is supplemented continuously or periodically with cold water to start a next triple-point-cycle. Meanwhile the heatpump may be held in normal operation. The heat contained in the water charge at elevated temperature has been taken from the closed circuit, after the fluid has left the condensor in which it has delivered the production heat at the higher consumer temperature. Thus remaining heat at lower temperature is used for the defrosting of the evaporator by way of an additional water-circuit provided with an accumulator.