| 摘要 |
carbon materials. SUBSTANCE: diazonium salt is brought into interaction with carbon material, for instance with graphite powder, carbon fiber, carbon cloth, activated carbon. Diazonium salt is prepared in situ or preliminarily from primary amine, metal nitrite, and acid or from primary amine and aqueous nitrogen dioxide solution. Primary amine is defined by general formula AyArNH2, wherein A is substituent in aromatic radical bearing functional group selected from: OR, COR, COOR, OCOR, COONa, COOK, COO-NR+4, halogen, CN, NR2, Sn, SO3H, SO3Na, SO3K, SO-3NR+4, NR (COR), CONR2, NO2, PO3H2, PO3HNa, PO3Na2. N=NR, and N+2X-, NR+3X-, PRX-, or substituent in a linear, branched, or cyclic hydrocarbon radical, unsubstituted or substituted by one or several functional groups; R, independently, is hydrogen, C1-C20-alkyl or aryl; n integer from 1 to 8; X- is halogen anion or anion derived from mineral acid; and Ar is aromatic radical such as phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, diphenyl, pyridyl; y = 1-5 if Ar is phenyl. 1-7 if Ar is naphthyl, 1-9 if Ar is anthryl, phenanthryl or diphenyl, and 1-4 if Ar is pyridyl. Reaction is carried out aprotic or protonic medium, for instance in water or alcohol. Resulting carbon material is modified by organic group chemically bound to its surface. Nitrogen level in modified product is by 5-10 times higher than in unmodified product. EFFECT: extended application area due to diversity of properties. 19 cl, 13 ex
|
