| 摘要 |
1429196 Pulse frequency modulation; transistor relaxation oscillators; analogue-to-digital conversion B M GORDON [trading as GORDON ENG CO] 30 March 1973 [2 Jan 1973] 15506/73 Headings H4L H3H and H3T A measuring circuit providing a digital representation of a characteristic e 1 of an input signal incorporates a relaxation oscillator 14 in which a capacitor 16 is charged by a current i 1 related to e 1 , to provide a first signal, at the emitter of transistor 22, changing from a first value to a second in a time depending on e 1 . When the second value is reached, transistor 22 switches on, causing a switching signal to appear at the emitter of transistor 24. This signal resets the circuit by switching on transistor 20 to discharge capacitor 16. When sufficiently discharged, transistor 22 turns off and the cycle starts again. Thus pulses of frequency related to e 1 are delivered to the output transformer 29. Furthermore, a timing signal generator 48 (Fig. 2) provides gating pulses which are coupled to the oscillator via the transformer to synchronize the oscillator. The combined oscillator and gating pulses at the transformer output are applied to a counter 50 which delivers the required digital representation. The transistor combination 22, 24 enables very rapid switching to occur as the current in the collector circuit of 22 is driven at switch on into the base of 24, and that in the collector of 24 is driven into the base of 22. The digital output from the counter 50 may control incandescent bar displays (Fig. 4, not shown). The circuit for the timing signal generator 48 incorporates a capacitor 158 (Fig. 5) which changes from a supply V to a level such that comparator 276 delivers an output which switches flip-flop 280. This in turn switches on output stage 282 to a low voltage output and resets the capacitor 158. The capacitor 162 then discharges through resistor 170 until comparator 278 is actuated and the flip-flop reset, sending the output high and enabling capacitors 158 and 162 to recharge. |
