| 摘要 |
A toroidal combustion chamber shape with side injectors is being developed for an opposed-piston engine. Favorable combustion characteristics of such configuration are transferred to a conventional engine, i.e., one with a combustion chamber delimited by a piston, a cylinder wall, and a cylinder head. At least one injector is disposed in the cylinder head at the periphery. The fuel is injected substantially along the plane of interface between the cylinder head and the cylinder block. The intake system is configured to provide a swirling flow in the combustion chamber. The fuel is injected in an angle that is displaced from the central axis of the cylinder and directed along the swirl. In some embodiments, a substantially torus-shaped volume is formed between the piston and the cylinder head when the piston is at top center. The injector or injectors spray fuel into the toroidally-shaped volume substantially tangent to the torus. |
| 主权项 |
1. An internal combustion engine, comprising:
a block defining a cylinder wall; a piston disposed within the cylinder wall with a central axis of the piston coincident with a central axis of the cylinder wall, the piston having a top defining three regions: a center region, an outer ring adjacent to an outer periphery of the piston, and an inner ring between the center region and the outer ring, the inner ring recessed in relation to the center region and the outer ring, each of the three regions having a geometric center through which the central axis of the cylinder wall passes; a cylinder head affixed to the block over the cylinder wall opposite the top of the piston, the cylinder head defining at least one intake port therethrough with an intake valve disposed therein, at least one exhaust port therethrough with an exhaust valve disposed therein and a projection extending away from the at least one intake port and the at least one exhaust port toward the top of the piston through which the central axis of the cylinder wall centrally passes, the projection having a surface opposite the top of the piston that nearly meets the center region of the piston when the piston is in a top center position within the cylinder wall; and an injector disposed in the cylinder head proximate the cylinder wall, the injector having at least one orifice through which a fuel jet exits when the orifice is open, the fuel jet being directed by the injector into the inner ring. |
