MARINE SURVEYS CONDUCTED WITH MULTIPLE SOURCE ARRAYS

摘要

Marine surveys carried out with multiple source arrays comprising three or more sources are discussed. Each source of a multiple source array is an array of source elements, such as air guns. The sources of a multiple source array may be arranged in particular type of configuration that is effectively maintained while the survey vessel travels a sail line. The sources of the multiple source array are activated to acoustically illuminate a subterranean formation with acoustic signals. Two or more sources of a multiple source array may be activated to create blended seismic data. Methods to deblend, source deghost, and attenuate noise in the blended seismic data obtained by using a multiple source array are also discussed.

主权项

1. A method to deblend blended seismic data created with a multiple source array, the method comprising:
transforming the blended seismic data from a space-time domain to a space-frequency domain to obtain blended seismic data matrices, each blended seismic data matrix associated with a different frequency in the space-frequency domain; for each frequency in the space-frequency domain,
calculating a pseudo-deblended seismic data matrix from the blended seismic data matrix associated with the frequency and a source blending matrix that models physical interactions of overlapping source wavefields generated by the multiple source array;attenuating noise in the pseudo-deblended seismic data matrix;calculating an estimated deblended seismic data matrix based at least in part on the source blending matrix; and forming deblended seismic data from the estimated deblended seismic data matrices.