| 摘要 |
A simple and elegant chemical process for the synthesis of oxygenated products, such as acids and aldehydes, or other derivative products, such as amines and nitriles, of cyclic bifunctional molecules made from renewable, bio-based sources such as HMF and/or its reduction product, 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran (bHMTHF) is described. In general, the process involves: a) generating a tetrahydrofuran-2,5-diyl-bis(methylene)-bis(sulfonate) from bHMTHFs using a sulfonate; b) displacing nucleophilically at least a sulfonate leaving group from the tetrahydrofuran-2,5-diyl-bis(methylene)-bis(sulfonate) to form a THF-dinitrile; and either c) oxidizing the THF-dinitrile with an acid having a pKa of ≦̸0 to generate a di-acid, or d) reducing partially the THF-dinitrile to generate a di-aldehyde, or e) reducing fully the THF-dinitrile to generate a di-amine. |
