Method of collecting, preparing and analysing undisturbed soil samples for purposes of defining soil hydraulic conductivity and equipment for collecting, preparing and analysing undisturbed soil samples for purposes of defining soil hydraulic conductivity

摘要

A container consists of two external cylinders: bottom and top, between which a middle cylinder, designed for a sample, is situated. A method of collecting, preparing and analyzing undisturbed soil samples to define soil hydraulic conductivity generally bases on measurement of volume of water flowing through the sample as a function of time and temperature at a defined hydraulic drop. An equipment consists of a base (6) with a perforated socket (7) to which a pressure column (10) is fitted disconnectedly. A lower edge of the column (10) turns into a flange (11) with holes for screws (12) corresponding to openings made in the base (6). In the base (6) there are horizontal deaeration ducts (8) connected to a vacuum pump. The ducts (8) reach the first grooves of the socket (7). The whole is situated in the external cylinder (17).

主权项

1. A method of collecting, preparing and analysing undisturbed soil samples for purposes of defining soil hydraulic conductivity, the method comprising steps
acquiring on site a lump of soil to be tested; forming the lump of soil into an initial sample in a shape of a cylinder; cutting off protruding fragments of roots and removing fragments of a skeleton penetrating outer surfaces of the initial sample; impositioning a thin elasto-plastic coating on a side surface of the initial sample; placing the initial sample in a measurement container with a diameter greater than a diameter of the initial sample and having a bottom cylinder, a top cylinder and a middle cylinder situated between the bottom cylinder and the top cylinder having internal diameters equal to a diameter of the middle cylinder connected to the bottom cylinder and the top cylinder in a way allowing disconnection with a non-permeable tape closely adhering to external walls of the bottom cylinder, the top cylinder and the middle cylinder; filling with a watertight agent a gap between the side surface of the initial sample and an internal surface of the middle container; cutting the initial sample along planes defined by gaps between the middle cylinder and the bottom cylinder and the top cylinder to form a soil sample; cutting encountered fragments of roots protruding beyond the soil sample properly contained in the middle cylinder; photographing a bottom surface and a top surface of the soil sample; impositioning a brass mesh and perforated cover on a bottom surface of the soil sample; insulating a border between an edge of the middle cylinder and the perforated cover with a non-permeable agent; covering a top surface of the soil sample with a brass mesh and a grid; placing the soil sample in a socket made in a base placed in an external cylinder and provided with walls, a perforated bottom, a smooth ring situated around the socket and deaerating ducts connected to first grooves of the socket; attaching the base to a cylinder-shaped pressure column with a bottom edge turning into a flange furnished with holes for screws corresponding to holes made in the base; loading the soil sample with a perforated disc whose mass is similar to mass of soil overlying a top level of a soil stratum from which the initial sample was taken; saturating the soil sample from a bottom with water and simultaneously deaerating the soil sample; changing direction of filtration of the soil sample accompanied by continuing deaeration of the soil sample; measuring volume of water flowing out from the soil sample with a defined hydraulic drop being made as a function of time and temperature; and determining share of root and skeleton fractions in a volume of the soil sample.