| 摘要 |
Alcohols are obtained by causing a mixture of an olefine and steam to contact in the vapour phase with a body of material such as broken pumice serving as a carrier or surface distender to sulphuric acid of strengths varying from 60 to 85 per cent acting as catalyst in conjunction with material known to promote the absorption of the olefine in the acid, at a temperature not exceeding about 200 DEG C. and at atmospheric or higher pressure. Gas mixtures containing olefines may be used instead of pure olefines. The proportion of steam should be sufficient both to take part in the reaction and to maintain the concentration of the acid constant. Examples are given, in which ethyl alcohol is obtained by passing ethylene and steam over pumice containing 60 per cent by weight of sulphuric acid and 5 per cent of silver sulphate at temperatures of 145, 145, 165 and 170 DEG C. and pressures of 1, 2, 9, and 15 atmospheres respectively, the residual ethylene being recirculated. When obtaining secondary and tertiary alcohols from higher olefines such as propylene and butylene, the temperature and concentration of the acid is progressively lower, the greater the molecular weight of the olefine. Specification 368,051 is referred to.
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