| 主权项 |
1. A process for treatment of sludge mixture, emulsions and water bearing hydrocarbons preferably with determined quantity of water present therein, said process comprising the steps of:
a) pretreating the sludge mixture for removal of unbound water, salts, solids, water soluble emulsifiers, free flowing hydrocarbons and viscous pure hydrocarbons thereby obtaining a predefined amount of remaining sludge; b) segregating the remaining sludge by viscosity using separation equipment followed by recovering a plurality of recovered fractions separately for removal of entire or partial bound and/or unbound water therefrom; c) treating a plurality of different hydrocarbon fractions containing bound water and low boiling hydrocarbons thereby optionally adding free water followed by heating up to a boiling point of the water thereby employing steam stripping in said process; d) treating a plurality of hydrocarbon fractions separately for removal of both bound and unbound water recovered in step b) thereby selectively depressing boiling point through addition of a predefined amount of water immiscible solvent in said process; e) boiling a reaction mixture in step d) by applying heat for achieving a predefined temperature of said mixture optionally controlling said process on the basis of final raised temperature or by an amount of water collected or both; f) recovering a specific quantity of the solvent and water added thereby partially or continuously refluxing a predefined amount of the recovered solvent during said process until achieving the predefined temperature in step e); g) adding a predefined amount of free water to the hydrocarbons in step f) followed by boiling out the solvent through application of heat thereby removing excess free water left behind by optionally through a gravity settling or a centrifuge in hot condition or via boiling, thereby rapidly separating residual water from said hydrocarbons; h) recovering a specific amount of original hydrocarbons in marketable form with highest possible commercial value thereof followed by recovering bound water, unbound water and free water in an environmentally safe and useful condition after treating the water for such use; and i) reusing the recovered solvent in said process for further removal of bound water of incoming sludge mixture after removing entrained, soluble water therein followed by purifying at least a part of said solvent for removing fractions of dissolved hydrocarbons therefrom. |
