| 摘要 |
According to an embodiment, an invert emulsion drilling fluid comprises: an external phase, wherein the external phase of the drilling fluid comprises a hydrocarbon liquid; an internal phase, wherein the internal phase of the drilling fluid comprises water; and a surfactant, wherein the surfactant: (A) comprises a hydrophobic tail group having a carbon chain length greater than or equal to 16; (B) has a boiling point greater than or equal to 400° F. (204.4° C.); and (C) is in at least a sufficient concentration such that the surfactant spontaneously forms reverse-micelles. According to another embodiment, a method of using the invert emulsion drilling fluid comprises: introducing the drilling fluid into a well. |
| 主权项 |
1. An invert emulsion drilling fluid comprising:
an external phase, wherein the external phase of the drilling fluid comprises a hydrocarbon liquid; an internal phase, wherein the internal phase of the drilling fluid comprises water, and wherein the internal phase is in a concentration of about 2% to about 20% by volume of the external phase; a surfactant, wherein the surfactant:
(A) comprises a hydrophobic tail group having a carbon chain length greater than or equal to 16, wherein the tail group is branched;(B) has a boiling point in the range of about 450° F. to about 700° F.; and(C) is in a concentration in the range of about 12 to about 25 pounds per barrel (about 39 to about 97 kilograms per cubic meter) of the drilling fluid,wherein the amount of branching of the tail group is selected such that the surfactant has a boiling point in the range of about 450° F. to about 700° F.; an emulsifier selected from the group consisting of calcium oleate, a linear octadecenamide, phosphatide, and combinations thereof; and a viscosifier selected from a group consisting of an aluminum-silicate organophilic clay, a magnesium-silicate organophilic clay, dimer and trimmer fatty acids, stearic acid, and combinations thereof. |
