Systems for producing solid carbon by reducing carbon oxides

摘要

An apparatus for producing solid carbon and water by reducing carbon oxides with a reducing agent in the presence of a catalyst includes a reactor configured to receive reaction gas comprising at least one carbon oxide, at least one reducing agent, and water. The apparatus includes at least one mixing means configured to mix the reagents to form a combined feed, a first heat exchanger configured to heat the combined feed, at least one heater configured to further heat the combined feed, and a reaction vessel configured to receive the combined feed. The reaction vessel is configured to contain a catalyst, to maintain predetermined reaction conditions of temperature and pressure, and has an output configured to deliver a tail gas to the first heat exchanger. The system also includes a product separator, a water separation unit, and a product packaging unit.

主权项

1. An apparatus for producing solid carbon by catalytically reducing carbon oxides using a reducing agent, comprising:
a reactor configured to receive a dried recycle gas, a fresh feed gas comprising at least one carbon oxide, and at least one reducing agent, the reactor comprising:
at least one mixing means configured to mix the dried recycle gas, the fresh feed gas, and the at least one reducing agent to form a combined feed gas;at least one heat exchanger configured to heat the combined feed gas to a first temperature by recovering heat from at least one other higher-temperature process stream of the apparatus;at least one heater configured to further heat the combined feed gas to a second temperature higher than the first temperature;a reaction vessel configured to receive the heated combined feed gas, the reaction vessel further configured to maintain predetermined reaction conditions of temperature and pressure and to contain a catalyst; andat least one discharge of raw tail gas comprising unreacted gases, reaction product gases, entrained solid carbon, and water; a product separator configured to receive the raw tail gas from the reaction vessel and to separate the raw tail gas into a clean tail gas and a products stream comprising solid carbon, wherein the product separator is configured to pass the products stream through a cooling heat exchanger lock drum; a water separation unit configured to receive the clean tail gas from the product separator and to remove at least a portion of the water in the clean tail gas to form a dried recycle gas, the water separation unit comprising:
a first condenser configured to receive the clean tail gas and to cool the clean tail gas to condense water from the clean tail gas; anda water discharge system for removing the water from the apparatus; anda product receiving unit configured to receive the products stream from the cooling heat exchanger lock drum.